需求：用python实现一个简单的http服务器
网页源码文件：https://download.csdn.net/download/d1240673769/46963534
该文件为html文件，如下图：
用python搭建一个静态的http服务器，通过web访问 python 目录下的文件内容，如下图
系统环境：centos7、python3
将网页源码文件包下载后，上传到centos中 /web/路径下，如下图：
实现代码：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import socket
import re
import urllib.parse
def service_client(new_socket):
# 为这个客户端返回数据
# 1.接收浏览器发过来的请求，即http请求
# GET / HTTP/1.1
request = new_socket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
request_header_lines = request.splitlines()
ret = re.match(r'[^/]+(/[^ ]*)',request_header_lines[0])
path_name = "/"
if ret:
path = ret.group(1) # 取出请求中的路径名
path_name = urllib.parse.unquote(path) # 浏览器请求的路径中带有中文，会被自动编码，需要先解码成中文，才能找到后台中对应的html文件
print("请求路径：{}".format(path_name))
if path_name == "/": # 用户请求/时，返回index.html页面
path_name = "/index.html"
# 2.返回http格式的数据给浏览器
file_name = '/web/python' + path_name
try:
f = open(file_name,'rb')
except:
response = "HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"
response += "\r\n"
response += "------file not found------"
new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
else:
html_content = f.read()
f.close()
# 准备发给浏览器的数据 -- header
response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
response += "\r\n"
new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
new_socket.send(html_content)
# 关闭套接字
new_socket.close()
def main():
# 用来完成整体的控制
# 1.创建套接字
tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
# 设置当服务器先close 即服务器端4次挥手之后资源能够立即释放，这样就保证了，下次运行程序时 可以立即绑定7788端口
tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
# 2.绑定
tcp_server_socket.bind(("",8100))
# 3.变为监听套接字
tcp_server_socket.listen(128)
while True:
# 4.等待新客户端的链接
new_socket, client_addr = tcp_server_socket.accept()
# 5.为这个客户端服务
service_client(new_socket)
# 关闭监听套接字
tcp_server_socket.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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运行程序后，通过浏览器访问：http://192.168.149.150:8100
使用多进程实现
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import socket
import re
import urllib.parse
import multiprocessing
def service_client(new_socket):
# 为这个客户端返回数据
# 1.接收浏览器发过来的请求，即http请求
# GET / HTTP/1.1
request = new_socket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
request_header_lines = request.splitlines()
ret = re.match(r'[^/]+(/[^ ]*)',request_header_lines[0])
path_name = "/"
if ret:
path = ret.group(1) # 取出请求中的路径名
path_name = urllib.parse.unquote(path) # 浏览器请求的路径中带有中文，会被自动编码，需要先解码成中文，才能找到后台中对应的html文件
print("请求路径：{}".format(path_name))
if path_name == "/": # 用户请求/时，返回index.html页面
path_name = "/index.html"
# 2.返回http格式的数据给浏览器
file_name = '/web/python' + path_name
try:
f = open(file_name,'rb')
except:
response = "HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"
response += "\r\n"
response += "------file not found------"
new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
else:
html_content = f.read()
f.close()
# 准备发给浏览器的数据 -- header
response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
response += "\r\n"
new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
new_socket.send(html_content)
# 关闭套接字
new_socket.close()
def main():
# 用来完成整体的控制
# 1.创建套接字
tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
# 设置当服务器先close 即服务器端4次挥手之后资源能够立即释放，这样就保证了，下次运行程序时 可以立即绑定7788端口
tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
# 2.绑定
tcp_server_socket.bind(("",8200))
# 3.变为监听套接字
tcp_server_socket.listen(128)
while True:
# 4.等待新客户端的链接
new_socket, client_addr = tcp_server_socket.accept()
# 5.为这个客户端服务
p = multiprocessing.Process(target=service_client, args=(new_socket,))
p.start()
new_socket.close()
# 关闭监听套接字
tcp_server_socket.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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使用多线程实现
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import socket
import re
import urllib.parse
import threading
def service_client(new_socket):
# 为这个客户端返回数据
# 1.接收浏览器发过来的请求，即http请求
# GET / HTTP/1.1
request = new_socket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
request_header_lines = request.splitlines()
ret = re.match(r'[^/]+(/[^ ]*)',request_header_lines[0])
path_name = "/"
if ret:
path = ret.group(1) # 取出请求中的路径名
path_name = urllib.parse.unquote(path) # 浏览器请求的路径中带有中文，会被自动编码，需要先解码成中文，才能找到后台中对应的html文件
print("请求路径：{}".format(path_name))
if path_name == "/": # 用户请求/时，返回index.html页面
path_name = "/index.html"
# 2.返回http格式的数据给浏览器
file_name = '/web/python' + path_name
try:
f = open(file_name,'rb')
except:
response = "HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"
response += "\r\n"
response += "------file not found------"
new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
else:
html_content = f.read()
f.close()
# 准备发给浏览器的数据 -- header
response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
response += "\r\n"
new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
new_socket.send(html_content)
# 关闭套接字
new_socket.close()
def main():
# 用来完成整体的控制
# 1.创建套接字
tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
# 设置当服务器先close 即服务器端4次挥手之后资源能够立即释放，这样就保证了，下次运行程序时 可以立即绑定7788端口
tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
# 2.绑定
tcp_server_socket.bind(("",8200))
# 3.变为监听套接字
tcp_server_socket.listen(128)
while True:
# 4.等待新客户端的链接
new_socket, client_addr = tcp_server_socket.accept()
# 5.为这个客户端服务
t = threading.Thread(target=service_client, args=(new_socket,))
t.start()
# 关闭监听套接字
tcp_server_socket.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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使用gevent实现
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import socket
import re
import urllib.parse
import gevent
from gevent import monkey
monkey.patch_all()
def service_client(new_socket):
# 为这个客户端返回数据
# 1.接收浏览器发过来的请求，即http请求
# GET / HTTP/1.1
request = new_socket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
request_header_lines = request.splitlines()
ret = re.match(r'[^/]+(/[^ ]*)',request_header_lines[0])
path_name = "/"
if ret:
path = ret.group(1) # 取出请求中的路径名
path_name = urllib.parse.unquote(path) # 浏览器请求的路径中带有中文，会被自动编码，需要先解码成中文，才能找到后台中对应的html文件
print("请求路径：{}".format(path_name))
if path_name == "/": # 用户请求/时，返回index.html页面
path_name = "/index.html"
# 2.返回http格式的数据给浏览器
file_name = '/web/python' + path_name
try:
f = open(file_name,'rb')
except:
response = "HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"
response += "\r\n"
response += "------file not found------"
new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
else:
html_content = f.read()
f.close()
# 准备发给浏览器的数据 -- header
response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
response += "\r\n"
new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
new_socket.send(html_content)
# 关闭套接字
new_socket.close()
def main():
# 用来完成整体的控制
# 1.创建套接字
tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
# 设置当服务器先close 即服务器端4次挥手之后资源能够立即释放，这样就保证了，下次运行程序时 可以立即绑定7788端口
tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
# 2.绑定
tcp_server_socket.bind(("",8100))
# 3.变为监听套接字
tcp_server_socket.listen(128)
while True:
# 4.等待新客户端的链接
new_socket, client_addr = tcp_server_socket.accept()
# 5.为这个客户端服务
gevent.spawn(service_client, new_socket)
# 关闭监听套接字
tcp_server_socket.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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单进程、单线程、长链接实现多任务
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import socket
import re
import urllib.parse
def service_client(new_socket, request):
# 为这个客户端返回数据
# 1.接收浏览器发过来的请求，即http请求
# GET / HTTP/1.1
request_header_lines = request.splitlines()
ret = re.match(r'[^/]+(/[^ ]*)',request_header_lines[0])
path_name = "/"
if ret:
path = ret.group(1) # 取出请求中的路径名
path_name = urllib.parse.unquote(path) # 浏览器请求的路径中带有中文，会被自动编码，需要先解码成中文，才能找到后台中对应的html文件
print("请求路径：{}".format(path_name))
if path_name == "/": # 用户请求/时，返回index.html页面
path_name = "/index.html"
# 2.返回http格式的数据给浏览器
file_name = '/web/python' + path_name
try:
f = open(file_name,'rb')
except:
response = "HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"
response += "\r\n"
response += "------file not found------"
new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
else:
response_body = f.read()
f.close()
# 准备发给浏览器的数据 -- header
response_header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
response_header += "Content-Length:{}\r\n".format(len(response_body)) # 这个字段表示一条数据的长度
response_header += "\r\n"
new_socket.send(response_header.encode("utf-8"))
new_socket.send(response_body)
def main():
# 用来完成整体的控制
# 1.创建套接字
tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
# 设置当服务器先close 即服务器端4次挥手之后资源能够立即释放，这样就保证了，下次运行程序时 可以立即绑定7788端口
tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
# 2.绑定
tcp_server_socket.bind(("",8100))
# 3.变为监听套接字
tcp_server_socket.listen(128)
tcp_server_socket.setblocking(False) # 设置套接字为非堵塞的方式
client_socket_list = list() # 创建一个列表，目的是将已将连接的客户端加入到列表中
while True:
# 4.等待新客户端的链接
try:
new_socket, client_addr = tcp_server_socket.accept()
except Exception as ret:
pass
else:
new_socket.setblocking(False)
client_socket_list.append(new_socket)
for client_socket in client_socket_list:
try:
recv_data = client_socket.recv(1024).decode("utf-8")
except Exception as ret:
pass
else:
if recv_data:
service_client(client_socket,recv_data)
else:
client_socket.close()
client_socket_list.remove(client_socket)
# 关闭监听套接字
tcp_server_socket.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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